Abstract
Global disruptions increasingly shape the resilience and sustainability of national energy systems, a concern made even more urgent by the current Middle East energy crisis, which has intensified supply insecurity and price volatility in global and European energy markets. This study examines how three major shocks—the 2009 global financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the 2022 Russia–Ukraine war and subsequent energy-price shock -affected the Lithuanian energy sector. The analysis applies interrupted time series (ITS) regression to selected core indicators capturing energy system resilience and sustainability. The results show that the three crises differed considerably in both intensity and transmission channels. The 2009 global financial crisis produced the broadest disruption, reducing final energy consumption and GHG emissions while worsening household vulnerability and financial stress. The COVID-19 crisis had a narrower effect, mainly on final energy consumption and renewable capacity, whereas the 2022 geopolitical and energy-price shock was most evident in affordability and renewable capacity adjustment. Overall, the findings indicate that energy sector resilience is a differentiated outcome shaped by the type of external shock and the dimensions through which it is transmitted, while also providing relevant insights into how future shocks may affect resilience and sustainability.
Štreimikienė, D.; Šikšnelytė-Butkienė, I.; Baležentis, T. 2026. Resilience and Sustainability of the Energy Sector Under Global Crises: Evidence From Lithuania. Sustainable development : Wiley. ISSN 0968-0802. eISSN 1099-1719. p. 1–14. DOI: 10.1002/sd.71207. [Scopus; Social Sciences Citation Index (Web of Science)].